Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (2024)

Why It Works

  • A two-stage cooking process first tenderizes the artichokes, then crisps them.
  • A choice between olive oil and neutral oil lets you opt for more flavor from the oil, or more flavor from the artichoke (see notes).

I don't think Jews get enough credit for being expert fryers. Here in the States, Jewish cuisine is most famous for Ashkenazi dishes like chopped liver, matzo balls, and gefilte fish, but there's a whole world beyond that, and some of the best of it is fried.

The most obvious examples might be the fried foods of Hanukkah, likepotato latkes, which symbolize the story of a very short supply of oil burning for a full eight days. But dig a little deeper and there's so much more. For instance, did you know thatfish and chips was likely introduced to the UK by Sephardic Jews moving from the Iberian peninsula, where fried fish had been a Sabbath staple?

Perhaps the most remarkable fried Jewish foods, though, belong to Italy, and Rome specifically, where the tradition of frying blossomed in the ghetto where Roman Jews were confined from the 16th through 19th centuries.* They fried all sorts of things, from fish and meats to fruits and vegetables. It's within this tradition thatcarciofi alla giudia, Roman-Jewish fried artichokes, were born.

*Little-known related fact: Most of the vendors selling Catholic tchotchkes around the Vatican are (and pretty much always have been) Roman Jews.

In Rome, they use a variety of artichokes calledcimarolithat is free from thorns and the hairy central choke, which means you can trim them, cook them, and eat them without worrying about the choke. If you can't find that variety, you have a couple of options. You can use baby artichokes, which I've done in the photos here. They're small enough that the choke isn't an issue. Or you can use full-size artichokes, but you'll have to remove the choke before serving. Since carciofi all giudia involves a two-step process—cooked first in lower temperature oil until tender and then a second time on higher heat to crisp them up—I find that it's easiest to remove the choke after the first frying, when the artichokes are tender but not yet crispy.

Whether you use baby artichokes or large ones, the trimming method for Roman-Jewish fried artichokes is the same (aside from the choke-removal part), which I'vedocumented with step-by-step photos in my artichoke prep guide: Pull off the tough outer leaves until you've exposed the lighter-colored inner ones, then use a paring knife to slice off the top portions of all the remaining leaves, and trim the stem with a paring knife or peeler.

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (1)

The result will be more closely trimmed than an artichoke destined for steaming, but less trimmed than if you were preparing just the hearts. It should look something like a closed rosebud.

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (2)

To cook the artichokes, start by lowering them gently into oil that's heated to about 280°F (138°C). The exact temperature isn't super critical—it just needs to be hot enough to cook them but not so hot that they're rapidly frying (otherwise, you risk burning the outsides before the insides are done). Look for a steady but non-violent stream of bubbles rising out of the artichokes. This should take about 10 minutes for baby artichokes and 15 minutes for larger ones. Larger artichokes don't have to be fully submerged in the oil, but you'll need to turn them every minute or so to cook them evenly.

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (3)

I've tested this recipe in neutral canola oil and the more traditional extra-virgin olive oil. Olive oil gives the artichokes a stronger flavor, whereas canola oil allows the pure flavor of the artichoke to shine through. I like both, though I lean towards using olive oil since it delivers that essential Mediterranean flavor. (Some folks question the health or flavor aspects of frying in olive oil. After much research and testing, I don't worry about it, and you canread all about why right here.)

You'll know the artichokes are done with their first round of cooking when you can pierce them easily with a fork. I transfer them to paper towels to drain and cool.

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (4)

When they're cool enough to handle, I gently pry open the leaves to create the look of a blooming flower—the signature appearance of Roman-Jewish fried artichokes. This is when it's easiest to remove the choke on large artichokes, using a spoon to scrape it out.

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (5)

I bring the oil up to 350°F (177°C) and drop the "bloomed" artichokes back in. Now they'll fry quickly, browning and crisping. When they look good (only a matter of a minute or two), take them out and put them on fresh paper towels to drain again.

With fried foods, it's always good to season with salt while still hot so that it adheres well.

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (6)

Put a lemon wedge or two on the side, and then send some thanks to the resourceful Jews who managed to create some pretty delicious food in an otherwise harsh living situation.

March 2015

Recipe Details

Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe

Prep25 mins

Cook25 mins

Active45 mins

Total50 mins

Serves4to 6 servings

Ingredients

  • 3 lemons, divided

  • 3 pounds artichokes (about 24 baby artichokes or 6 large artichokes)

  • 1 to 2 quarts of extra-virgin olive oil, canola oil, or vegetable oil, for frying

  • Kosher salt

Directions

  1. Fill a large bowl with water; halve and squeeze 2 lemons into it. Trim artichokes following Roman-Jewish artichoke guidelines shown here: Remove tough dark green outer leaves to expose more tender light-green leaves within, then, using a paring knife, cut off top half of each leaf and trim base and stem.

    Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (7)

    Trimmed artichokes will look like a closed rosebud. Transfer the peeled artichokes to the bowl of lemon water as you work, covering them with a clean kitchen towel to keep them completely submerged.

    Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (8)

  2. In a large saucepan, heat 2 to 3 inches of oil to 280°F (130°C). Add artichokes (they should produce a steady but non-violent stream of bubbles) and cook until tender (you should be able to pierce their hearts easily with a fork), adjusting heat to maintain a steady bubble, about 10 minutes for baby artichokes and 15 minutes for larger ones. Turn larger artichokes frequently for even cooking.

    Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (9)

  3. Using a slotted spoon or spider, transfer artichokes to a paper towel-lined plate. Let stand until cool enough to handle. Using your hands, gently pull open each artichoke "bud" so that it resembles an open flower. If using large artichokes, remove and discard the hair "choke" in the center of the artichoke. Increase oil temperature to 350°F (177°C).

    Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (10)

    Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (11)

  4. Fry artichokes until browned and crisp, 2 to 5 minutes. Using a slotted spoon or spider, transfer to a paper towel-lined plate to drain. Season immediately with salt. Transfer to plates and serve right away with wedges of remaining lemon.

    Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (12)

Notes

Olive oil is more traditional and will give more of the characteristics of Mediterranean flavor, whereas neutral oils like vegetable or canola oil will let more of the pure artichoke flavor shine through.

Special Equipment

Large deep saucepan, wire mesh spider or slotted spoon, probeorinstant-read thermometer

Read More

  • How to Clean, Trim, and Prepare Artichokes | Knife Skills
  • Old-Fashioned Latkes
Roman-Jewish Fried Artichokes (Carciofi alla Giudia) Recipe (2024)

FAQs

What is the difference between Roman and Jewish artichokes? ›

Jewish immigrants

Culinary researchers attribute the intensive use of olive oil to these influences. The carciofi alla giudia, which have been recorded in recipe books since the 16th century, are fried in olive oil, for example. The carciofi alla romana are steamed with water and olive oil.

How do you eat Jewish Roman artichokes? ›

Serving Tips

To enjoy, start pulling off the outer leaves first and work your way in. The leaves can actually be enjoyed whole, and they'll taste like crunchy chips with soft meat at the bottom. Once the leaves are finished, the tender hearts are left for you to savor, cherish, and enjoy!

What are fried artichokes called in Rome? ›

Carciofi alla giudea

What is the difference between Roman artichokes and regular artichokes? ›

Rome's artichokes are world-famous and very popular in the Roman cuisine. Unlike other artichokes, they are round and soft, and more importantly they have no spines.

Why do Jews eat artichokes? ›

Arab traders brought artichokes to Medieval Spain, and Spanish Jews enthusiastically adopted them, creating their own artichoke-themed dishes. When Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, they took their love of artichokes with them.

Are Roman artichokes good for you? ›

The artichoke has good nutritional qualities which make it an important element of the characteristic Mediterranean diet: in fact, it gives energy and has a detoxifying and diuretic effect, particularly indicated for people who suffer from asthenia and over-exhaustion, kidney and liver problems or lack of iron in the ...

How do you eat carciofi alla giudia? ›

Carciofi alla giudia are eaten whole. First you pick off and eat the outer leaves, which are like potato chips, and then you move on to the center, which has a rich, buttery consistency and flavor. There's a great video tutorial here, in which members of the Roman Jewish community demonstrate how the dish is prepared.

What not to eat on an artichoke? ›

When preparing an artichoke, discard the center "choke" (except in baby artichokes), but the base of the petals, the center of the stem and the entire artichoke heart are completely edible and easy to cook. That's when all the fun begins!

What is the meaning of Giudia? ›

“Alla Giudia” refers to “alla giudea” (that means “something related to Jews”). The name was given by Romans, who fell immediately in love with the fried artichokes. So much that they even visited the ghetto very often to enjoy this dish.

How do you eat Roman fried artichokes? ›

And to eat, you simply pull off each leaf and nibble the flesh off the ends. Once most of the leaves have been removed, you will come to the centre of the artichoke (the heart) where you should remove the fuzzy centre (the choke) before eating.

What country eats the most artichokes? ›

Worldwide artichoke production is 1.59 million metric tons. Egypt comes next with 269,899 metric tons and Spain produces 199,940 metric tons. These three countries represent about half of the world's market. Italy also is the largest consumer, enjoying about 394,000 metric tons in 2018 and exporting 4,800 metric tons.

Can you eat the whole Roman artichoke? ›

While other countries usually eat the leaves and discard the stalk, in Rome we usually trim the hard, outer leaves along with the base and exterior part of the stem before preparing and cooking the artichokes whole, making the result fully edible (many Romans believe the stem, or gambo, to be the best, most flavorsome, ...

Why are artichokes so expensive? ›

Artichoke heads are still harvested by hand and, since this depends on their ripening, this may span several weeks. This leads to particularly high production costs, making artichokes among the most expensive vegetables on the market (at equivalent edible quantities).

Where are the best artichokes in the world? ›

Italy is the world's leading artichoke producer with 389,813 tons per year. It is followed by Egypt with 323,866 tons. Spain ranks third with 208,463 tons. Peru is the fourth largest producer on the planet with 154,552 tons per year.

What is the healthiest part of an artichoke? ›

Once your artichoke has been steamed, you have a few different options for eating it. Some people choose to peel away the petals of the artichoke and only eat the center, or "heart.” However, some of the best nutrients are concentrated in the leaves.

What is the best variety of artichokes? ›

For the best success he recommends varieties Green Globe, Imperial Star and Emerald. "For something unusual, try growing Violetto," Myers said. "It is particularly variable for spines and purple heads, but in my opinion, has the best flavor of all of the artichokes."

Is there a difference between artichokes and Jerusalem artichokes? ›

What are Jerusalem artichokes? This vegetable is not truly an artichoke, but a variety of sunflower with a lumpy, brown-skinned tuber that often resembles a ginger root.

Is inulin the same as Jerusalem artichoke? ›

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is a perennial tuber plant. Its tubers are made largely of carbohydrates, mainly in the form of inulin. Inulin is soluble fibre and contains a short chain of fructose molecules as β-2,1 fructan.

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